Effect of Proline on Rice Seed Germination (Oryza sativa L.) Under Salty Condition

Abstract

Salinity is a major problem both in present and has been forecast in the future on plant production. The objectives of this study are to investigate salinity stress at different levels and the effects of using external proline at germinating and seedling stages on many characteristics; both morphological, biochemical, and proline accumulation by gene synthesis in rice. Four experiments were conducted separately by using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Three rice varieties were used in these experiments including Chai Nat 1 (CNT 1), Pathum Thani 1 (PT 1), and Indonesia rice variety ‘Inpari 35’ (IN 35). These experiments assessed the effect of four levels of salinity (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM sodium chloride; NaCl) and the influence of exogenous proline use (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM proline). The results showed that salinity affects characteristics of both at the germination and seedling stage. Moreover, the salinity at levels 100 and 150 mM NaCl had a significant impact on the reduction of various characteristics of rice seedlings. At the germination stage, a low proline level at 50 mM could promote rice characteristics, and the concentration of proline should increase to 100 mM when rice is grown under salinity stress at 150 mM NaCl. However, at the seedling stage, the effect of proline was not found both on the relative water content and the content in many types of chlorophyll, and the total chlorophyll. Consistent between these results with proline accumulation from OsP5Cs1 gene expression was observed. Proline accumulation in rice varieties was observed in higher salinity levels at 100 mM and 150 mM NaCl and spraying at 100 mM and 150 mM proline.

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