Development of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Starch Biodegradable Film for Active Packaging

Abstract

In this study, biodegradable films of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/starch were prepared by solution casting method. The properties of PVA/CMC/starch films without citric acid (CA) and with CA were investigated. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studied functional group of the molecule on surface films appeared chemistry surface of composite films. This result indicates the interaction of crosslinking between the polymer chain. PVA/CMC/starch/CA films have reduced degree of swelling and water solubility which are better than without CA. The morphological analysis revealed the 10 phr of glycerol was used as a plasticizer in PVA/CMC/starch films due to the addition of glycerol resulted in more motion of the polymer chain. The surface becomes more homogeneous and smoother. The incorporation of PVA/CMC/starch/CA films resulted in a greater tensile strength when compared to other films. When CA was added to film, the Young's modulus was likewise raised. The thermal properties show the cross-linking between the modified PVA with the CMC and starch becomes more compact due to the addition of CA to the PVA/CMC/starch films and the stability of the films is enhanced. The PVA/CMC/starch films with CA added still had higher film transparency than the main film. Simultaneously, the UV absorption value is greater than. The water vapor transmission rate was found to be satisfactory for bioplastic films. The gas transmission rate values for the films tested were very good for both oxygen transmission rate and carbon dioxide transmission rate, which are important parts of active packaging. The PVA/CMC/starch/CA films showed better radical scavenging activity compared to other film, this may be due to the presence of CA in the film. Biodegradability test of bioplastic using soil burial test. Furthermore, it has the highest resistance to biodegradation, which was crosslinked with CA.

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